ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore short-term clinical effect of surgical treatment for ankle fracture with complete rupture of deltoid ligament in young and middle-aged patients.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to March 2019, 21 young and middle-aged patients with ankle joint fracture and complete rupture of the deltoid ligament were treated with internal fixation and repair of the medial deltoid ligament, including 16 males and 5 females, aged from 21 to 52 years old with an average of (38.6±7.3) years old, the time from injury to operation ranged from 1 to 7 days with an average of (3.8±1.5) days. Fracture healing time and complications were observed, changes of medial malleolus clearance before and after operation were compared, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score wasused to evaluate function of ankle joint at 18 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#Twenty-one patients were followed up from 18 to 26 months with an average of (21.7±1.2) months. The incisions were healed at stageⅠ, and fracture healing time ranged from 8 to 12 weeks with an average of (9.5±1.6) weeks. No wound infection, failure of internal fixation, and nerve injury occurred. Medial malleoius space decreased from (5.83±0.32) mm before operation to (2.69±0.25) mm after operation. Postoperative AOFAS score at 18 months was 91.43±4.14, 14 patients got excellent results, 6 good and 1 fair.@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of stable fixation of fracture, repair of deltoid ligament could help restoring the medial anatomy of ankle joint in young and middle-aged patients, and could achieve good short term clinical effect.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Ankle Fractures , Ankle Injuries , Ankle Joint , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Ligaments , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biodegradation of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) using methanol as electron donor by acclimated anaerobic sludge.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HP-6890 gas chromatograph (GC), together with HP-7694 autosampler, was used to analyze the concentration of PCE and intermediates.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PCE could be decholrinated reductively to DCE via TCE, and probably further to VC and ethylene. The degradation of PCE and TCE conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. The reaction rate constants were 0.8991 d(-1) and 0.068 d(-1), respectively, and the corresponding half-life were 0.77 d and 10.19 d, respectively. TCE production rate constant was 0.1333 d(-1), showing that PCE was degraded more rapidly than TCE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Methanol is an electron donor suitable for PCE degradation and the cometabolic electron donors are not limiting factors for PCE degradation.</p>